Reshoring založený na robotizaci a jeho dopady na výsledky trhu práce

The incentives of advanced economies to automation are currently the most significant as it supports the manufacturing firms to reshore their production back to the home economy as a consequence of relative cost reduction of domestic production and lower demand for offshored production. However, it comes at the expense of the offshoring countries as it has a potential to reduce employment of low-skilled labor and increase wage inequality. Thus, we examine the relationship between industrial robots adopted in the selected high-income economies and labor market outcomes of the selected developing countries characterized as offshoring countries. Firstly, we use data on imports, exports and industrial robots to measure reshoring activity for the trade patterns between advanced and emerging economies at the macro-level. Secondly, we analyze the impact of the reshoring based on automation effects on employment and wages in developing countries by sociodemographic characteristics of the workers, using data on local labor markets of during 1990 to 2022. The results will show how automation contributes to reshoring of economic activity relative to its effects on labor market outcomes.